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Airstream and Laryngeal Features in Speech Production

Robert Mannell

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Airstream

Source of Power	Direction of Airflow
pulmonic (lung action)	egressive
glottalic (larynx action)	egressive or ingressive
velaric (tongue action)	ingressive

• Pulmonic Airstream
• Ejective Airstream
• Implosive Airstream
• Velaric Airstream: Oral Click
• Velaric Airstream: Nasal Click

For an overview of the IPA symbols for pulmonic, glottalic and velaric consonants, see:-

• IPA Consonant Symbols: Pulmonic Consonants
• IPA Consonant Symbols: Non-pulmonic Consonants

Laryngeal Settings

• Five Laryngeal States
• Voice Onset Time (VOT)
• Laryngeal and Voicing examples

Reading

Ladefoged, Chapter 6
Clark, Yallop & Fletcher: Chapters 2 (2.5 & 2.6), 6 (6.5 & 6.6)